Photo: Luis Andrés Villalón Vega · Unsplash · editedZocalo
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ProtoplasmaKid · CC BY-SA 4.0 · edited
Why go
- A large Mexican flag is raised and lowered ceremonially each day.
- The president gives the Grito de Dolores from the National Palace balcony on September 15 at 23:00.
- The unfinished base of a planned independence monument gave Zócalo its popular name.
Don't miss
- Metropolitan CathedralBuilt from 1573 to 1667, it is the country’s largest cathedral.North side of the square. On the map
- National PalaceDating to 1792, the palace houses Mexico’s presidential seat.East side of the square. On the map
- Western-side buildingsCommercial buildings and hotels line the western side, alongside the Old Portal de Mercaderes; the Nacional Monte de Piedad building marks the northwest corner.West side and northwest corner of the square. On the map
- Mexico City administration buildingsMexico City’s administration buildings border the square.South side of the square. On the map
Tips for your visit
- The square is a frequent setting for political protests and rallies as well as sightseeing.
Interesting facts3
Shorts
History
After Tenochtitlan’s destruction, Cortés kept its four main neighbourhoods and placed a church where they met; that church became the Metropolitan Cathedral. A flood in 1629 brought water up to two metres deep and damaged shops that had to be rebuilt.
- 1521Before the Spanish conquest, Moctezuma II’s palace stood at the square’s northeast corner.
- 1524Spanish builders used stones from the Templo Mayor and other buildings to make the new Plaza Mayor.
- 1703The Parián market opened at the square’s southwest corner, selling luxury goods brought from Asia and Europe.
- 1789The square was cleared and repaved, and workers unearthed the Aztec Calendar.
- 1813After authorities and residents swore allegiance to Spain’s Constitution of Cádiz, the square was renamed Plaza de la Constitución.
Show all
- 1828The Parián was looted and damaged during an uprising; several merchants died.
- 1843Santa Anna commissioned an independence column designed by Lorenzo de la Hidalga. Its marble base was laid on September 16, but the column was never built.
- 1843Santa Anna had the Parián demolished, leaving the square bare apart from trees and flower gardens.
- 1847US forces occupied the plaza.
- 1863French forces occupied the plaza.
- 1958The square reached a stage in its modern appearance.
- 1970sThe plaza was levelled, its train tracks removed, and its surface cemented.
- Late 1970sPink cobblestones replaced the paving, and small trees and grass were planted.
How to get there
- TrainTake Metro Line 2 to Zócalo/Tenochtitlan station. Its entrance is at the square’s northeast corner, with no sign above ground.
- On footFrom the Templo Mayor site, the square is one block southwest.
Sources: Zócalo - Wikipedia · Mexico City/Centro - Wikivoyage (eat) · HOME - Balcón del Zócalo · Plaza de la Constitución (Mexiko-Stadt) - Wikip… · Plaza de la Constitución (Ciudad de México) - W… · Place de la Constitution (Mexico) - Wikipedia · checked 30 Sep 2026
Questions and answers
Has Zócalo hosted free concerts?
Yes. Paul McCartney performed a free concert there on May 10, 2012.
What stood at Zócalo before the Spanish conquest?
Before 1521, Moctezuma II’s palace stood at the square’s northeast corner.
What football record was set at Zócalo?
On March 15, 2026, 9,500 people attended the world’s largest football class there.
Did Zócalo host World Cup events?
Yes. It hosted a FIFA Fan Festival during the 2026 FIFA World Cup.
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100,000 people
700 years
1987



